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The state of KARNATAKA located in South India has a rich of flora and fauna.
The state of KARNATAKA located in South India has a rich of flora and fauna.
It has a recorded forest area of 38720 km2 which constitution 20.19% of the total gegroaphical area of the state. These forests aupp25% of the elephant population and 15% of the tiger population of India. Many regions of Karnataka are as yet unexplored and new species of flora and fauna are found periodicity. The mountains of western Ghats which are in the western region of Karnataka area a biodiversity hotspot. Two sub-clusters of these Western Ghats viz. Talacauvery and Kudremukh which are located in Karnataka are in the tentative list of sites that could be designated as World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The Bandipur and Nagarahole national parks which fall outside these subclusters were included in the Niligiri biosphere reserve in 1986, a UNESCO designation. The state bird and state animal of Karnataka are India Roller and the Indian Elephantrespectively. The state tree and state flower are Sandalwood (Santalum album) and lotus respectively.
Due to various issues, flora and fauna in some parts of Karnataka are being threatened. These issues include poaching, human-wildlife conflict, habit destruction, pollution and introduction of invasive new species.
Various conservation activities are in progress to protection the biodiversity present in Karnataka. These activities are mostly done by the Forest Department of the state of Karnataka and voluntary organizations like Wildlife Conservation Society (US and India chapters) and Kudremukh Wildlife Foundation.
The presence of human habitation within the core area of reserved forest poses many problems like human-wildlife conflict and destruction of habitat due to agriculture and cattle grazing. Systematic efforts have been made to relocate some of this population into proper zones outside the protected area. An example is the relocation of some village from Bhagawathi and Nassehalla habitations within the Kudremukh National Park to regions outside it.
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